What key concept is central to both Jainism and Buddhism regarding the state of existence?

The key concept central to both Jainism and Buddhism regarding the state of existence is the cycle of birth and death, known as samsara. In both religions, this cycle represents the continuous process of birth, life, death, and rebirth, which is influenced by an individual's actions or karma. Understanding samsara is crucial in both traditions, as it underscores the importance of escaping this cycle to achieve spiritual liberation or enlightenment.

Jainism emphasizes liberation from the cycle through strict adherence to non-violence and truth, while Buddhism highlights the path to enlightenment through practices such as mindfulness and the Four Noble Truths. Both aim to transcend the suffering inherent in samsara, leading adherents to seek ultimate freedom or Nirvana, where one is freed from the cycle of rebirth.

This focus distinguishes these religions from material success, detachment from worldly desires, and social hierarchy, as those concepts do not encapsulate the core teaching of the cyclical nature of life and death that both faiths address.