What was the experimental philosophy of the Greeks against the backdrop of earlier civilizations?

The experimental philosophy of the Greeks, particularly during the Classical period, marked a significant shift from the mythological and authoritarian explanations of earlier civilizations. This approach emphasized rationalism, observation, and inquiry, laying the groundwork for scientific thought and critical analysis.

Greek philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle sought to understand the world through reasoned argumentation and systematic observation rather than through myth or superstition. This intellectual movement involved questioning established beliefs and advocating for knowledge based on evidence and logical reasoning. By prioritizing empirical observation and critical inquiry, the Greeks made substantial contributions to various fields such as mathematics, astronomy, biology, and ethics.

In contrast, earlier civilizations often relied on mythological narratives to explain natural phenomena and human experiences. This included belief systems centered around deities and supernatural forces, leading to a worldview that did not seek empirical validation. Instead of abandoning traditions, Greek experimental philosophy emerged alongside them, providing an alternative path that significantly influenced future scientific and philosophical developments.