What was the general view of Legalism regarding human nature?

The general view of Legalism regarding human nature is that humans are inherently selfish and require strict laws to maintain social order and control. Legalism, a philosophical school of thought that developed in China, posits that because people tend to act out of self-interest, they will not naturally abide by moral or ethical codes unless they are compelled to do so through the imposition of laws and harsh punishments.

This perspective is a foundational element of Legalist thought, which emphasizes the necessity for a strong, centralized authority that enforces laws rigorously to deter wrongdoing and ensure compliance. Legalists believed that clear, defined laws were essential for maintaining order and stability in society, as they do not trust individuals to act justly on their own without external incentives and constraints.

The other options reflect different philosophies about human nature, such as Confucianism, which views humans as inherently good and capable of moral development, or Buddhism, which emphasizes enlightenment and a connection to natural instincts. Legalism's focus on strict regulation contrasts sharply with these alternative views.