Which civilization is known as the first Indian civilization?

The Harappan Civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, is recognized as the first Indian civilization due to its early development around 2500 BCE in the northwestern regions of South Asia, particularly in present-day Pakistan and northwest India. This civilization is notable for its advanced urban planning, including well-structured cities like Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro, sophisticated drainage systems, and a uniform system of weights and measures, which suggest a highly organized and complex society.

The Harappan Civilization laid the foundations for later cultures in the Indian subcontinent, influencing subsequent societies in terms of urbanism, trade, and social organization. Its significance is underscored by its ability to conduct trade with neighboring regions and manage agricultural systems effectively. The discoveries of writing systems, though still undeciphered, point towards a developed form of communication, adding to the understanding of its cultural aspects.

In contrast, the Maurya Civilization and the Gupta Empire emerged much later, around the 3rd century BCE and 4th century CE, respectively. These empires were significant contributors to the political and cultural history of India, but they cannot be classified as the first civilization. The Aryan Society refers to the group of nomadic tribes that migrated into