Which philosophy would most likely promote the idea that laws should be enforced rigorously to maintain social order?

The philosophy that most strongly advocates for the rigorous enforcement of laws to maintain social order is Legalism. Legalism emerged during a period of social and political chaos in ancient China and emphasizes the importance of strict laws and harsh penalties as essential to ensuring order and discipline in society. Legalists believed that human nature is inherently selfish and that a strong, centralized authority is necessary to regulate behavior and maintain stability. This perspective prioritizes the role of law in governing society, arguing that clear rules and firm enforcement are crucial for social harmony.

In contrast, Daoism encourages living in harmony with the natural order of the universe and often advocates for minimal government intervention, valuing individual spontaneity over rigid social structures. Confucianism, while also emphasizing social harmony, focuses more on moral education, the cultivation of virtues, and the importance of familial respect rather than on strict law enforcement. Buddhism, with its emphasis on personal enlightenment and the reduction of suffering, does not prioritize the enforcement of laws in maintaining social order and focuses more on ethical conduct and inner peace.